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Year of election: | 2000 |
Section: | Biochemistry and Biophysics |
City: | Düsseldorf |
Country: | Germany |
Helmut Sies is the founder of the concept of ‚oxidative stress‘. He investigated the molecular basis of actions of oxidants and antioxidants.
In 1969, Helmut Sies demonstrated the existence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a normal attribute of aerobic life in eukaryonts, by organ spectrophotometry of Catalase Compound I in intact tissue.
In 1985, Helmut Sies founded the concept of „Oxidative Stress“. He investigated the molecular basis of oxidants and antioxidants, and the strategies of antioxidant defense. Singlet molecular oxygen, the electronically excited state of oxygen, was examined in relation to photooxidative stress. The group found that lycopene, a carotenoid, exhibits the highest rate constant for the reaction with singlet oxygen. The investigations led to systemic nutritional photoprotection in humans.
As to antioxidants, there were fundamental studies on glutathione and related enzymology, and on the essential trace element, selenium, as well as the mimic of glutathione peroxidase, ebselen.
Vascular responses to flavanols, e.g. from cocoa, at the endothelium were examined from the molecular basis to the application to health effects in the human.
Cf. “Redox Pioneer: Professor Helmut Sies”, in: Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 2014/12/20, online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/ars.2014.6037
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