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Year of election: | 2009 |
Section: | Chemistry |
City: | Houston, TX |
Country: | USA |
Research Priorities: Chemical synthesis, chemical biology, synthetic biology, synthesis of organic and natural products with pharmacological substances
Kyriacos Costa Nicolaou is an American chemist who focuses on total synthesis of active substances and on methodology development. He rose to international prominence by synthesising many complex, naturally occurring molecules. He received particular attention for the synthesis of the highly complex molecule Taxol, which acts against various types of cancer.
Many natural substances are important sources for medications such as anti-tumour medications and antibiotics. Therefore, much research and development is currently focused on creating these substances in the laboratory. At the same time, the complex molecular structures pose a major challenge to the researchers. Using innovative synthesis technologies, Kyriacos Costa Nicolaou succeeded in creating almost 200 naturally-occurring molecules and thousands of analogues in the laboratory. The achievement is all the more impressive as this includes almost all important classes of bioactive molecules, irrespective of whether they are classified according to structure or activity. His work constitutes a paradigm shift in organic synthesis and has paved the way for the transition from foundational to translational research. The methods he helped to develop not only allow for the structures of natural products to be confirmed, but also for the total synthesis of natural substances. This allowed Kyriacos Costa Nicolaou to be the first to synthesise Taxol, a clinically implemented anti-tumour agent.
Kyriacos Costa Nicolaou is the publisher of many academic journals and has authored over 800 publications as well as books including the world-famous “Classics in Total Synthesis” (Volumes I through III).